Legal Insights

Section 436A CrPC, now carried forward as Section 479 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, requires an undertrial to be released on bail once detention crosses one-half of the maximum sentence for the offence, and bars detention beyond the full term. First-time offenders under Section 479 qualify at one-third, but the relief does not […]

The victim compensation scheme under Section 357A of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, now Section 396 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, lets a victim or dependents claim from a State-funded scheme run through the Legal Services Authorities, even when the accused is acquitted, discharged, or never traced. Section 357 is the separate

A suit against the government or a public officer under Section 80 CPC needs a written two-month notice before it is filed, stating the plaintiff’s name, description and residence, the cause of action, and the relief claimed. A suit filed without that notice, or before the two months expire, is not maintainable. In a 2025

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The arbitration amendment acts of 2015, 2019 and 2021 reshaped the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, and a draft 2024 Bill proposes the next round. Together they cut court delay, fixed time limits, and reworked how arbitral awards are challenged and enforced. In 2024 the government released a draft Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Bill for

To become an arbitrator in India you need no fixed degree or licence: under Section 11 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, the parties are free to appoint whomever they trust. In practice, arbitral institutions and parties look for 10 or more years of relevant legal, commercial, or technical experience and a reputation for

Personality rights judgments in India protect a celebrity’s name, image, voice and persona from unauthorised and AI-driven misuse, even without a dedicated statute. Courts ground this protection in Article 21, Article 19(1)(a), the Trade Marks Act, 1999 and the Copyright Act, 1957. In a 2026 ruling, the Delhi High Court, in Salman Khan v. Ashok

SEBI has redenominated all FPI and FVCI fees from US dollars to Indian rupees, effective 30 December 2026, moving Category I registration from $2,500 to Rs 2,30,000. Foreign investors will pay a rupee-equivalent amount in eligible foreign exchange through their designated depository participant. In a 2026 notification, SEBI amended the SEBI (Foreign Portfolio Investors) Regulations,

Emergency arbitration in India lets a party obtain urgent interim relief from an emergency arbitrator before the main arbitral tribunal is constituted. Since the Supreme Court’s 2021 ruling in the Amazon and Future Retail dispute, an emergency arbitrator’s order in an India-seated arbitration is enforceable as an order under Section 17 of the Arbitration and

The arbitrability of tax disputes in India turns on one distinction: the levy, assessment or collection of a tax is a sovereign function and is non-arbitrable, while a contract that only decides who bears a tax between two parties can be arbitrated. This page maps which tax and fiscal disputes fall inside and outside arbitration.